Pakistan’s, indeed South Asia’s, first motorway, the M2 (Islamabad–Lahore), was inaugurated in 1997. Fortunately, it passed only 4 kilometers away from my ancestral town, Lilla, in the district of Jhelum. It completely changed the way we travelled to Islamabad, Lahore, and Sargodha. Sargodha is a city where we have close relations, so we frequently travel there. Because of this change, Bhalwal became one of the towns along our route. Before that we used to travel via Khushab city.
So, since then, whenever I visited Pakistan
during my vacations, I also passed through Bhalwal. In Bhalwal, a lofty haveli
of considerable size always captured my attention. It was situated close to the
road, making it hard to ignore. However, always being with my family and in a
hurry, I could not visit it. Yet it always remained in my mind and on my wish
list to see it someday. I also spoke to a couple of people in Sargodha to find
some information about this haveli, but I could not discover anything. But, I
was certain that this lonely and seemingly abandoned haveli had a remarkable story to tell.
Probably, the issue would have lingered on for
many more years. But the situation changed in January 2024, when I received an
email from Mr. Richard Barrett, who had visited my blog and had seen my post about an old Gurdwara
in Sargodha. There, he read the translations of the Gurmukhi plaques, found the
names of his ancestors, and thanked me for the post. It was intriguing to see a
European claiming to be a descendant of a Sikh family. He explained that his
mother had married an Irishman. Richard has a keen interest in tracing the
roots of his maternal family and informed me that his mother’s extended family
was originally from Hadali and Sahiwal (Sargodha), but they also lived in
Sargodha, Bhalwal, and even Nali, a small town in Khushab, where my in-laws
also belong to. Richard was particularly interested in the haveli of his
grandmother’s father, Sardar Chanchal Singh. He even provided me a picture, and
I instantly recognised it. Yes, the very same haveli whose call I had been
ignoring for a quarter of a century. I confirmed to Richard, to his great
delight and satisfaction, that the haveli had survived to this day and promised
to visit it soon, take some pictures, and share them with him.
But 2024 turned out to be an unfortunate year for
me. My dear father grew increasingly sick and passed away in August. In these
disturbed circumstances, I could not visit the haveli until December 2024.
Though I was not pleased with the result of that visit, as the pictures were
not good enough and I could not find many details. In the meantime, Richard and
I remained in constant touch, and he shared a lot of information about his
family.
First of all, let us begin with the haveli in Bhalwal, which is the central “character” of this interesting story. The haveli is situated at 32°16'8.93"N, 72°54'30.65"E. Its builder was Sardar Chanchal Singh, who originally belonged to Hadali, District Khushab (at that time, Khushab was part of Shahpur District, which was later renamed Sargodha), but established his business, including a cotton factory, in Bhalwal and settled here. He built this beautiful haveli for his family, where they lived until 1947, when, like millions of others, they had to leave their home forever. I found myself in front of this haveli for the first time on 19 February, 2024. But could not enter it. The second chance came after ten months on 29 December, 2024.
The first floor has a verandah on two sides only. (29.12.2029.)
The haveli is now serving as a school, Fatima tu
Zahra Girls School. The school was closed at that time, and the watchman was
reluctant to show us around. However, he allowed us to see the first floor,
while the ground floor remained inaccessible. The building, as you can see, is
solidly built and the structure is still intact, though it needs
repairs.
However, it is interesting to note that all this
time, this haveli was not forgotten or ignored, and by no means was the
family’s first contact with it after 1947. Richard’s uncle visited it in 1970
and took the following picture. He was a German and was on an official job assignment
to Pakistan.
In 1997, Sardar Chanchal Singh’s elder daughter Sobhan Bai’s daughters, Balwant and Inder visited this house while on a visit to Pakistan organized by
their alma mater, Kinnaird College. Balwant visited again in 1999 with her
daughter Gunmala and her granddaughters. In Richard’s words:
The 1997 visit was by two of my mother’s (double) first cousins, Balwant and Inder. Their mother was Sobhan Bai, the elder daughter of Chanchal Singh (and sister to my grandmother Amarjit). Their father was Mehtab Singh, who was my grandfather’s brother. So, two brothers married two sisters.
The following pictures were shot during those two visits in 1997 & 1999.
The above picture is remarkable in the sense that it still shows the factory and storehouse in the late 1990s. At present, nothing exists here, except an old structure and a newly constructed mosque. The rest of the area is covered with wild vegetation. The house of Sardar Chanchal Singh can be seen from the factory site.
A watchman confirmed to me that a cotton factory had indeed once existed here. He was in his mid-fifties and clearly remembered a rusting board with something written about a cotton association and labour, etc. However, he said he had never seen any machinery there, and I did not ask him about the building, as I myself saw the above picture of the factory only later. He added that the land belonged to the Noon family and still does. Several partners had rented the land and established a cotton factory, and in addition, oil extraction and cattle-feed processing were also carried out.
The last surviving old structure at the factory site. (21.09.2025.)
Now, we shall turn to the story of those people who built it with love and care for their beloved ones. We shall start from a gurdwara in Sargodha, which is now serving as Ambala Muslim High School. Richard also began his research from this very school, where he found the names of his family members on the plaques in the gurdwara, plaques that can still be seen today. I visited this gurdwara twice in 2014 and 2016 and took the pictures of these plaques.
Plaques in a Gurdwra in Sargodha relating to the family of Sardar Chanchal Singh
Beloved of Guru, Baba Soheila Singh Ji and Baba Jodha Singh Ji’s family rendered service of Rs 1,500, through Sardar Sajan Singh Ji, in heavenly abode.
This above-mentioned donation is the single
largest amount, donated to the gurdwara. As per the record written on the
plaques.
This plaque references the Khurana family of Hadali who donated to the gurdwara. The family is descended from a Pyare Lal Khurana of Hadali who converted to Sikhism and adopted the name Sohel Singh. He is mentioned in Chapter 1 of Khushwant Singh’s autobiography, “Truth, Lies and a Little Malice”. Sohel Singh had sons Inder Singh and Jodh Singh, the latter is mentioned on the plaque, Inder Singh had died around 1860 when his son Sujan Singh was a child. Sajan Singh likely refers to Sujan Singh, although there was also a grandson of Jodh Singh named Sajjan Singh (the brother of Sardar Bahadur Mehtab Singh) who died in 1908. Jodh Singh was the father of Sardar Chanchal Singh of Bhalwal.
੧ ਓਂਕਾਰ ਸਤਿ ਗੁਰੂ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦ ਅਸ਼ ਕਿਰਪਾਨ ਖੰਡੇ ਖੜਗ ਤੁਪਕ ਤਂਬਰ ਅਰ ਤੀਰਸੈਫ ਸਰੋਹੀ ਸੈਹਥੀ
ਯਹੀ ਹਮਾਰੇ ਪੀਰ
੫੧ ਭਾ: ਸਾ: ਭਾ: ਸੁਧ ਸਿੰਘ ਭਾ: ਸਤਿਨਾਮ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ
ਨੇ ਸੇਵਾਕਰਾਈ
੫੧ ਸ੍ਰ: ਬ: ਡਾ: ਹਰਬੰਸ ਸਿੰਘ ਸ੍ਰ: ਗੁਰਬਖਸ਼ ਸਿੰਘ "
"
੧੨੫ ਭ: ਸੰਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਈਸ਼ਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਸੁੰਦਰ ਸਿੰਘ "
"
੫੧ ਭ: ਅਰਜਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਹਰਮੰਦਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਲੋਹੇ ਵਾਲੇ
(੧ਪਥਰ ਆਪਣੇਂ ਖਰਚ ਉਪਰ ਲਗਯਾ)
੫੧ ਭ: ਸੰਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਭ: ਕਰਮ ਸਿੰਘ ਗੁਰੂ ਬਜਾਰ ਸਿੰਘ "
"
੫੧ ਭ: ਸੰਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਭ: ਰਾਮ ਸਿੰਘ ਭ: ਕੇਸਰ ਸਿੰਘ "
"
੫੧ ਸ੍ਰ: ਬੂੜ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਮੈਨੇਜਰ ਡੇਰੀਫਾਰਮ ਵਾਲੇ "
"
੫੧ ਸ੍ਰ: ਚਰਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਰਾਮ ਸਿੰਘ ਭ: ਸ੍ਰ: ਬਚਿੰਤ ਸਿੰਘ "
"
੫੧ ਭ: ਉਤਮ ਸਿੰਘ ਮੈਹਤਾਬ ਸਿੰਘ ਲੋਹੇ ਵਾਲੇ "
"
੫੧ ਭ: ਜਿਵੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਭ: ਚੰਚਲ ਸਿੰਘ
" "
ਮੰਨਾ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਸੇਵਾ ਕਰਾਈ
اک اونکار ست گرو پرساد
اش کرپان کھنڈے کھڑگ تُپک تنبر ار تیرا
سَیف سروہی سہتھی یہی ہمارا پیر
51 بھ: سا: بھ: سُدھ سنگھ بھ: سَتِنام سنگھ جی نے سیوا کرائی
51 سر: ب: ڈ: ہربنس سنگھ سر: گوربخش سنگھ " "
125 بھ: سنت سنگھ ایشر سنگھ سُندر سنگھ " "
51 بھ: ارجَن سنگھ ہرمندر سنگھ لوہے والے " "
[1 پتھر آپڑیں خرچ اوپر لگوایا]
51 بھ: سنت سنگھ بھ: کرم سنگھ گرو بجار سنگھ " "
51 بھ: سنت سنگھ بھ: رام سنگھ بھ: کوسر سنگھ " "
51 سر: بوڑ سنگھ جی مینیجر ڈیری فارم والے " "
51 سر: چرن سنگھ رام سنگھ بھ: سر: بچِنت سنگھ " "
51 بھ: اُتم سنگھ مہتاب سنگھ لوہے والے " "
51 بھ: جِوَند سنگھ پردھان سنگھ بھ: چنچل سنگھ " "
مَنّا سنگھ جی نے سیوا کرائ
Prayers:
51 Bro: Sant Bro: Sudh Singh Bro: Satnam Singh Ji Rendered Services
51 Sar: B: D: Harbans Singh Sar: Gurbukhsh Singh "
125 Bro: Sant Singh Eshar Singh Sunder Singh "
51 Bro: Arjan Singh Hamandar Singh Ironsmith "
[Got this stone fixed on his own expenses]
51 Bro: Sant Singh Bro: Karam Singh of Guru Bajar "
51 Bro: Bro: Sant Singh Bro: Ram Singh Bro: Kosar Singh "
51 Sar: Bor Singh JI Manager of Dairy Farm "
51 Sar: Chran Singh Ram Singh Bro: Sar: Bachint Singh "
51 Bro: Utam Singh Mahtab Singh the Iron Smith (or dealer) "
51 Bro: Jiwand Singh Pardhan Singh Bro: Chanchal Singh "
Manna Singh Ji Rendered His Services
Sar B D Harbans Singh Sar Gurbukhsh Singh refers to Sardar Bahadur Dr Harbans Singh and his eldest son Gurbukhsh, who died shortly after partition. Dr Harbans Singh is written about in the book “The Lost Homestead” by Marina Wheeler. He was awarded the Sardar Bahadur title in January 1930 which dates the plaque after that time. Dr Harbans Singh was the paternal uncle of my mother’s father, Madan Singh.
ਸਤਗੁਰੁਪ੍ਰਸੰਦ
ਨੇਜਾ ਨਾਸ ਨਿਸਾਣ
ਸਤਗੁਰ ਸਬੀੰਦ ਸਵਾਰਿਅਓ
੫੧ ਬੇਬੇ ਸੰਤ ਕੌਰ ਸ: ਹਜੂਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਨੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਸ: ਸ਼ੇਰ ਸਿੰਘ
੫੧ ਸ: ਹਿਮਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਸ: ਅਮੋਲਕ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਸ: ਅਜੀਤ ਸਿੰਘ
ਭੇ: ਸ: ਟੀ: ਨੇ ਬਾਬਾ ਦੀਵਾਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਦੀ ਯਾਦ ਵਿਚ ਸੇਵਾ ਕਰਾਈ
੫੧ ਸ: ਹਰਬੋਲ ਸਿੰਘ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੇਂ ਪਿਤਾ ਸ: ਸ਼ਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਦੀ ਯਾਦ ਵਿਚ ਸੇਵਾ ਕਰਾਈ
੫੧ ਚੇ: ਜੈਮਲ ਸਿੰਘ ਸ: ਗੁਰਬਚਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਨੇ ਸ੍ਰ: ਹਰਬੰਸ ਸਿੰਘ ਦੀ ਯਾਦ ਵਿਚ ਸੇਵਾ ਕਰਾਈ
੬੧ ਬਾਬਾ ਰਤਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਭ: ਬੋਧ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਨੇ " "
੫੧ ਭ: ਜੈ ਸਿੰਘ ਭਾ: ਧਾਨ ਸਿੰਘ " "
੫੧ ਸ੍ਰ: ਗੋਪਾਲ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਮਹਿੰਦਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਕਾਰਖਾਨੇ ਵਾਲੇ "
੫੧ ਸ੍ਰ: ਜਿਵੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਅਤਰ ਸਿੰਘ " "
੫੧ ___ ਰਾਮ ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ ਚੰਦ _______
੫੧ ਸ੍ਰ: ਹਰਬੰਸ ਸਿੰਘ ਅਜੀਬ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ
ਰੋਡੇ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ ਨੇ ਸੇਵਾ ਕਰਾਈ
ست گرو پرساد
نیجا ناس نسانڑ
ستےگور سبیند سواریا او
51 بےبے سنت کور س: ہجور سنگھ نے پِتا س: شیر سنگھ
ماتا نِہال بائی دی یاد وچ سیوا کرائی
51 س: ہمت سنگھ س: امولک سنگھ جی س: اجیت سنگھ
کے: ایس: ٹی: نے بابا دیوان سنگھ دی یاد وچ سیوا کرائی
51 س: ہربول سنگھ نے آپڑیں پِتا س: شر سنگھ دی یاد وِچ سیوا کرائی
51 چو: جے مل سنگھ س: گوربچن سنگھ نے سر: ہربنس سنگھ دی یاد وچ سیوا کرائی
31 بابا رتن سنگھ بھ: بودھ سنگھ جی نے " "
51 بھ: جے سنگھ بھا: بھان سنگھ جی نے " "
51 سر: گوپال سنگھ جی مہندر سنگھ کارخانے والے " "
51 سر: جیوند سنگھ اتر سنگھ " "
51 ______ رام پردھان چند ______ " "
سر: ہر بنس سنگھ اجَیب سنگھ جی
روڈے والیاں نے سیوا کرائی
Prayers:
51 Bebe Sant Kaur S: Hajoor Singh for father S: Sher Singh and mother Nihal Bai’s memory Rendered this service
51 S: Himmat Singh S: Amolak Singh Ji S: Ajit Singh
K:S:T: in memory of Baba Diwan Singh rendered service
51 S: Harbobol Singh in his father S: Sher Singh’s memory rendered service
51 Cho: Jai Mal Singh S: Gurbachan Singh in S: Harbans Singh’s memory rendered service
31 Baba Rattan Singh Bro: Bodh Singh rendered service
51 Bro: Jai Singh Bro: Bhan Singh Ji "
51 Sar: Gopal Singh Ji Mahinder Singh the factory owner "
51 Sar: Jiwand Singh Aatar Singh "
51 ______ Ram Pardhan Chand _________ "
Sar: Harbans Singh Ajaib Singh of Rode Village
Sar Gopal Singh Ji Mahinder Singh the factory owner rendered service” I believe this may refer to Gopal Singh Batra of Nali and his son Mohinder Singh. Gopal Singh Batra was the elder son of Jit Singh (Batra) of Nali mentioned in plaque 9 and plaque 21. Gopal Singh Batra established a factory, Guru Nanak Oil Mills in Sargodha, but relocated the factory to Khanna in East Punjab before 1947. His home in Khanna overlooked the railway lines on which refugees travelled in both directions at partition.
Plaque 6 Line 6: “51 S Ram Singh S Kaisar Ji Raees In Sar Arjan Singh Ji’s memory rendered this service” This refers to Ram Singh, son of Jodh Singh and brother of Chanchal Singh. Arjan Singh was Ram Singh’s elder son who died in 1928 when his wife was pregnant with their first son Tirlochan Singh Rana. Kesar Singh was the younger son of Ram Singh. He owned cotton factories in Phularwan. Arjan Singh had worked with his cousin Sardar Bahadur Mehtab Singh in the gurdwara reform movement and acted as his deputy when Mehtab Singh was imprisoned by the British. Mehtab Singh was imprisoned alongside another Sikh leader, Sardar Kharak Singh of Sialkot. While in jail, Kharak Singh received letters in Gurmukhi from his niece Ravail Kaur. Mehtab Singh was so impressed by the letters he arranged for her to marry Kesar Singh.
ਤੁਮ ਮਾਤ ਪਿਤਾ ਹਸ ਬਾਰਿਕ ਤੇ
ਭਾ: ਜੀਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਨਲੀ ਵਾਲੇ
ਅਪਣੇ ਪਿਯਾਰੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਬੈਕੁੰਠ
ਵਾਸੀ ਬਾਬਾ ਜੋਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਦੀ ਯਾਦਗਾਰ
ਵਿਚ ੧੨੫ ਅਰਦਾਸ ਕਰਾਈ ਸੰ: ੪੪੬ ਨ:
Prayers:
Brother Jeet Singh Ji of Nali, in memory of his dear father in heavenly abode Baba Jot Singh Ji rendered service worth Rs 125. Samvat Nanak 446 (1915 CE)
Plaque 9 This plaque refers to Jit Singh Batra of Nali and his father Jot Singh Batra. The Batras were one of the principal Sikh families of Nali, they had traditionally been moneylenders (sauhukar). Jit Singh was married to Ram Bai a daughter of Jodh Singh and sister of Chanchal Singh. They had two sons Gopal Singh Batra (mentioned I think in plaque 6) and Gurbachan Singh Batra (mentioned in plaque 21) and two daughters, Sunder Kaur and Harbans Kaur.”
੧ ਓੰਕਾਰ ਸਤਿ ਗੁਰੂ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦ
ਪਭ ਕੀ ਦਰਗਾਹ ਸੋਭਾ ਵੰਡੇਸੇਵਕ ਸੇਵ ਸਦਾ ਸੁਹਾਂਡੇ
ਖਾਵਹੁ ਖਰਦੋ ਤੋਟ ਨ ਆਵੇ ਹਲਤ ਪਲਤ ਕੈ ਸੰਗੈ
ਖਾਟ ਖਜਲਾ ਰਾਹ ਨਾਨਕ ਕਉ ਦੀਆ ਇਹੁ ਮਨ ਹਰਿ ਰੰਗ ਰੰਗੇ
ਗੁਰੂ ਨਿਵਾਜੇ ਸ: ਗੁਰਬਚਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਬਤਰੇ ਬਲਾਕ ਨੰ: ੧੧
ਵਾਲੇ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਪਿਆਰੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਸ: ਜੀਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਦੀ
ਯਾਦਗਾਰ ਵਿਚ ੫੦੦ ਪੰਜ ਸੋ ਰੁਪੈ
ਏਸ ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰੇ ਦੀ ਭੇਂਟ ਕੀਤੇ
ਇਹ ਪਥਰ ਲਗਵਾਇਆ
ਸਰਗੋਧਾ
ਮਿਤੀ ਵੈਸਾਖ ੨੧ ਸੰ: ਨ: ੪੫੮
Prayers:
Guru Blessed Sardar Gurbachan Singh Batre of Block No. 11, in memory of
his dear father Sardar Jeet Singh, offered Rs500 to this Gurdwara and got this
stone (plaque) fixed. Sargodha.
Date: Wisakh Samvat Nanak 458 (1927 CE)
Plaque 21: This plaque refers to Gurbachan Singh Batra, the younger son of Jit Singh Batra mentioned in plaque 6. Gurbachan Singh moved out of Sargodha to Delhi, but then moved again to Quetta where he had a contracting business for the army. He was there during the Quetta earthquake on 31st May 1935, which is where his mother lost her life. There is a book by Aanchal Malhotra called “Remnants of a Separation” or “Remnants of Partition” which has a chapter by Gurbachan Singh’s daughter, Preet, who recalls her childhood in Quetta.
ਇਕ ਓਂਕਾਰ
ਲੇਖ ਨ ਮਟਈ ਹੇ ਸਖੀ ਜੋ ਲਿਖਿਯਾ ਕਰਤਾਰ
੧੨੫ ਗੁਰਦਾਰੇ ਵਿਚ ਬਿਜਲੀ ਲਾਵਾਣ ਵਾਸਤੇ
ਕਰਾਈ ਸ੍ਰ: ਬਾ਼ਗ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਰਾਈਸ
ਸ੍ਰਗਵਾਸੀ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਵਾਰ ਨੇ ਪਾਈਲਾਟ ਅਫੀਸਰ
ਸ੍ਰ ਭੂਪਿੰਦਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਇੰਡੀਅਨ ਏਅਰ
ਫੋਰਸ ਦੀ ਯਾਦ ਵਿਚ
੧੧ ਸਤਂਬਰ ੧੯੩੩
Prayers:
Rs 125 for electrification of gurdwara, offered by Sardar Bagh Singh Ji Raees deceased's family in the memory of Pilot Officer Sardar Bhupinder Singh, Indian Air Force.11 September, 1933.
Plaque 30: This plaque refers to Bagh Singh another son of Jodh Singh and a brother of Chanchal Singh and Ram Singh. Bagh Singh had been a mill owner, but had passed away some time earlier. Bhupinder Singh was his eldest son, born in 1910. He was one of the first group of six Indians who were selected to train as pilots at RAF Cranwell in England between 1930 and 1932. His cousin (actually first cousin once removed), Amarjit Singh, the son of Sardar Bahadur Kartar Singh and grandson of Chanchal Singh, was also in this batch of six pilots. Bhupinder Singh and Amarjit Singh both died when their plane crashed over Padidan in Sindh on September 4, 1933. I had not been able to identify Bhupinder Singh’s father until I found your plaque, and I was able subsequently to confirm his identity with a nephew of Bhupinder Singh.
Richard
found one more plaque on Flickr page of Mr Tahir Iqbal, with no translation,
which was somehow missed by me. It is given below.
ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਫਤਹ
ਖਾਤ ਖਰਚਿਤ ਕਛੁ ਨਿਖ਼ੁਟਤਿ ਨਹੀ
ਅਗਨਤਿ ਭਰੇ ਭੰਡਾਰ
ਮਾਈ ਭਾਈਆਂ ਧਰਮ ਪਤਨੀ
ਬੇਕੁੰਠ ਵਾਸੀ ਬਾਬਾ ਜੋਧ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ
ਮਾਤਾ ਸਰਦਾਰ ਰਾਮ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਰਦਾਰ ਬਾਗ ਸਿੰਘ
੧੨੫ ਰੁਪੈ ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰੇ ਦੀ ਭੇਟਾ ਕਰਾਈ
ਸੰ: ੪੪੬ ਨ.
The first three lines are Prayers.
Mai Bhayian, w/o deceased Baba Jodh Singh ji, and mother of Sardar Ram Singh & Sardar Bagh Singh, donated Rs 125, to Gurdwara.
As you have already noticed, the
central figure of this story is Sardar Chanchal Singh. And who could tell this
story more appropriately than Richard himself, a descendant of Chanchal Singh?
So, in his own words, the story unfolds like this:
STORY OF SARDAR CHANCHAL SINGH
Sardar Chanchal Singh was born in Hadali, Shahpur district, sometime around 1860. He was one of five sons of Sardar Jodh Singh, with brothers Harbans Singh, Hazur Singh, Ram Singh and Bagh Singh, and at least one sister Ram Bai. Jodh Singh’s father had been a Pyare Lal Khurana but on converting to Sikhism had assumed the name Sohel Singh.
He had a cousin Sujan Singh whose father Inder Singh had died when his son was four years old. Sujan Singh was father of Sobha Singh, the renowned contractor who played a prominent role in the construction of New Delhi and the grandfather of famous writer Khushwant Singh.
A portrait of Sardar Chanchal Singh. It is one of the few possessions his son Sampuran Singh managed to take with him when leaving Malakwal
The family had been traders and made their living running camel caravans between the Khewra salt mines and the cities of Lahore and Amritsar, but Chanchal Singh, with his cousin Sujan Singh, and his brothers set themselves up as contractors and builders, taking advantage of a surge of investment in infrastructure in railways, roads and new canal colony towns.The construction of the Kalka Shimla railway begun in 1898 and completed in 1903 was one of their major contracts and made the family fortune. While his cousin Sujan Singh, with his eldest son Sobha Singh, continued as contractors, Sardar Chanchal Singh returned to West Punjab and established himself as a landowner, farmer and cotton ginning factory owner. One of his factories was in Bhalwal, where he also built a haveli for himself and his family. The factory was managed by his brother-in-law Sardar Tej Singh Kalra of Hadali whose family lived alongside Chanchal Singh, his wife Amirbai and their children.Chanchal Singh became a prominent figure in the community, appointed to the Shahpur District Board and the Chief Khalsa Diwan, a group of leading Sikhs focused on promoting education, the Sikh religion and culture, and the Punjabi language.Chanchal Singh’s eldest son from his first marriage was a Sardar Bahadur Kartar Singh who was a factory owner in Sargodha and was elected to the Sargodha municipal committee. Pilot Officer Amarjit Singh was one of Kartar Singh’s five children. Kartar Singh died in November 1928 so did not live to see his son join the Airforce. Amarjit’s story is another important chapter in the history of the pre-partition Indian Air Force.From his second marriage to Amirbai, Chanchal Singh had two daughters, Sobhan Bai and Amarjit (Richard’s maternal grandmother) and five sons: Jaswant Singh, Khazan Singh, Sampuran Singh, Sher Singh and Mohinder Singh.Chanchal Singh lived in the haveli until his death of old age, probably sometime around 1930, although the exact date is not known. His brother-in-law, Tej Singh related that in his last days Sardar Chanchal Singh asked to see all his cattle as that was considered a marker of wealth. So, one by one as he sat on a bed in the veranda the cows buffaloes and horses were moved and he philosophically said:
Besides providing this introduction of the family, Richard also shared some pictures of his ancestors, along with introductions for each.After Chanchal Singh’s death, his sons took over the business, Sher Singh and Mohinder Singh remained in Bhalwal, while Sampuran Singh and later Khazan Singh moved to Malakwal. The business suffered losses in the 1940s, but the family remained prosperous and influential up until partition.When partition came, initially the family thought they could remain and continue to live in West Punjab. But as the political situation deteriorated, it became clear that they needed to leave. Relatives in the army helped the family flee and all of them reached India. Sampuran Singh was the last to leave with his family. They were able to bring only a few possessions, but among the items he was able to rescue was a portrait of his father, the only image that remains of Sardar Chanchal Singh of Bhalwal.
Sobhan Bai, elder daughter of Chanchal Singh. She married Mehtab Singh, a railway contractor, he also traded in horse auctions at Remount depot in SargodhaJaswant Singh 2nd eldest son of Chanchal Singh (eldest from the second wife Amirbai). He is with his wife Vidyawanti who was a sister of Sir Datar Singh. Their daughter Narinder stands at the back, carrying her nephew, Sunder Singh۔Khazan Singh, 3rd son of Chanchal Singh with his wife Kulwant. They lived in Bhalwal and later Malakwal. An account of his marriage in Bhalwal and escape from Malakwal at partition is in the book “The Bonsai Tree” written by his son-in-law, Narendra Luther۔Sampuran Singh, 4th son of Chanchal Singh. He graduated from Government College Lahore and moved to Malakwal before partition. After partition he worked for Sir Sobha Singh in Delhi but became ill and died young. His daughter Satinder Bajaj became Director of Lady Irwin College in Delhi.
Sher Singh 5th son of Chanchal Singh and his wife Manmohani. They lived in Bhalwal until partition and then moved to Delhi. They are maternal grandparents of Ananya Vajpeyi the historian and writer.
Mohinder Singh Rana 6th and youngest son of Chanchal Singh. He lived in Bhalwal until partition. Afterwards they moved to Khanna near Gopal Singh Batra of the Batra family of Nali.
Amarjit (Richard’s maternal grandmother), she was the younger daughter of Chanchal Singh. Photo was taken around 1930.
While searching for anything related to Sardar Chanchal Singh, I visited Hadali, his birthplace. His exact birthplace is difficult to identify; however, the location of the house of Khushwant Singh is still known to the local people. There, I found the ruins of a gurdwara, and we can say with reasonable certainty that Sardar Chanchal Singh and his family used to visit this gurdwara. Now, only a partial ruin of it remains. Khushwant Singh mentioned this gurdwara in his autobiography. The gurdwara is located at: 32°17'32.35"N, 72°11'19.93"E, about 150 meters west to the house of Khushwant Singh at: 32°17'30.40"N, 72°11'25.10"E.
DESCENDANTS
Those of Chanchal Singh’s descendants who left at partition lost the greater part of their wealth. They did eventually receive compensation from the Indian government but it was a fraction of what they had lost. Their relatives who had moved to Delhi years earlier were now much wealthier than their cousins.Among Chanchal Singh’s descendants are the actresses Mandira Bedi, Neesha Singh (great granddaughters of S.B. Kartar Singh) and Tisca Chopra (granddaughter of Khazan Singh).Others descendants include Satinder Bajaj, a daughter of Sampuran Singh, born in Malakwal, who became Director of Lady Irwin College in New Delhi; also, Ananya Vajpeyi, the historian and writer, a granddaughter of Sher Singh, her mother Roopa was born in Bhalwal.
As we have noted above, Sardar Chanchal Singh, two sons Sardar Sampuran Singh and Khazan Singh owned a factory and a house in Malakwal. Which they had to abandon in 1947.
EXTENDED FAMILY
A commemorative plaque at Higher Secondary School, Mitha Tiwana.Chanchal Singh’s cousin Sujan Singh had two sons Sir Sobha Singh and Ujjal Singh. Sobha Singh was one of the principal builders of New Delhi, while Ujjal Singh a prominent politician of Punjab and later post-independence India. Sobha Singh’s son Khushwant Singh became a well-known journalist and writer. The actress Amrita Singh is a great granddaughter of Sir Sobha Singh, and the mother of Sara Ali KhanThe actress Achala Sachdev was a grand-niece of Sardar Chanchal Singh, her father was Uttam Singh and her paternal grandfather Harbans Singh was Chanchal Singh’s brother.
੧ ਓ
جو پہلے ہی تیرا تھا، تجھ ہی کو لوٹا دیا، اس میں میرا کیا نقصان ہے؟)
When I return to You what is already Yours, what loss is there for me?
Remarks:I have visited around forty gurdwaras and schools built by the Sikh community and have seen hundreds of plaques, but I have never seen such a large amount donated by anyone. Sardar Sujan Singh belonged to Hadali, and this family produced many prominent personalities who gained fame and wealth in business, land development, construction, social work, and politics. Sardar Sobha Singh was the famous contractor involved in the construction of New Delhi and built many landmarks in the new capital. Khushwant Singh, a world-renowned writer, was the son of Sardar Sobha Singh. Sardar Ujjal Singh, Sobha Singh's brother, was a member of the Punjab Assembly and later served as the Governor of Punjab and Tamil Nadu.
PUBLIC LIFE
DURBAR AT SARGODHA. — A correspondent writes: — A Durbar was held recently in the grounds of the District Courts of Sargodha. Lieutenant Colonel F. Popham Young, Commissioner of the Division, presided. All the Government officials, Durbaris, raises and leading men of the district were present. After the Commissioner had spoken on the general administration of the district, awards were distributed to the following for assistance in recruiting: — Sardar Chanchal Singh of Bhalwal, Dr. Harbans Singh of Sargodha, Qureshi Muhammad Hayat Khan of Shahpur, Sayad Alam Shah of Alipur, Zaildar, and Mian Saleh Muhammad, Zaildar, Sargodha.
An appeal was made for the War Loan, and many people who had promised to contribute before increased their amounts. Conspicuous among them was Lala Brij Lal Puri, Pleader, who promised Rs. 35,000. The highest sum hitherto contributed from the district towards the War Loan is from Dr. Harbans Singh, who announced a contribution of Rs. 40,000. (Source: Civil and Military Gazette, Lahore, 25th April 1917)
On another occasion Sardar Chanchal
is mentioned in connection with the aeroplane fund donated in Shahpur District.
Contributor Amount (Rs) |
|
|||
Per
Jhawarian Committee |
2,533 |
||
Per L.
Sant Ram, Tahs., Khushab |
1,622 |
||
Per K.
Mohd. Hayat and Barkhudrar |
1,213-4 |
||
M.
Saleh Mohd., Zaildar, Sargodha |
1,000 |
||
Per Pir
Sultan Ali Shah |
910-14 |
||
Per
Supdt., Remount Depot, Sargodha |
685-13 |
||
Per
D.B.D. Jawahir Mal, Bhera |
676 |
||
Per
Malik Muzaffar Khan |
548 |
||
Per
Tahsildar, Khushab |
539-1 |
||
Per
Chanchal Singh, Balwal |
500 |
||
B.
Sujan Singh, Hadali |
500 |
||
Per
Ghulam Mohd., Halqadar, Muradwala |
445 |
||
Per Ch.
Radha Kishan, Sahiwal |
430-12 |
||
Per
Qureshi Mohd. Hayat, Hon. Magt. |
256 |
||
S. Ram
Singh, Sargodha |
236 |
||
R.S.
Lala Ganesh Das, Sargodha |
200 |
||
L.
Ramjas Mal, Sargodha |
200 |
||
Per
Jalal Khan, Machhar Khadi |
200 |
||
Per
Zaildar Khurshaid Alim |
168 |
||
Per
Mazhar Ali, Lambr., Chak 80 S.B. |
157-2 |
||
Per B. Chattar Singh, Dy. Collr. 141 Villagers of M. Aqil Shah 104-9 Mian Ghulam Mohd.100 Ch. Kadir Bakhsh, Zaildar, Dharema 100 Per Mohd. Khan, Halqadar, Kot Choghatta 100 |
Jhawarian Committee 86 Normal School, Sargodha 82-12 Per Sher Mohd., Mangowala 80 Per Ch. Raja Khan, Chachhar 76 Per B. Mangal Singh, Chak 25 S.B. 70 Per Subadar Sher Singh, Chak 115 S.B. 66 Per Bahawal Bakhsh, Chak 59 S.B.64- 13 Per Mohd. Khan, Chak 23 S.B. 61 Per Sultan Ali, Chak 95 S.B. 55 Per M. Chattar Singh, Dy. Collr. 55 Per Fatteh Jang, Chak 69 S.B. 51 Per S. Prem Singh, Chak 28 S.B. 51 Per Zaildar Fattah Khan 50 Per Ghulam Mohd., Chak 43 S.B. 46 Per Nawab Khan, Chak 82 S.B.45 |
The Sikh
Community's Address
The address of the Sikh community was presented by the Hon. Sirdar Sundar
Singh.
The
following were the members of the Sikh deputation:
- Bhai Sahib Arjan Singh,
S.B., of Bagarian (Ludhiana), President, Chief Khalsa Diwan
- Sirdar Raghbir Singh,
Sandhawalia, Amritsar
- Sirdar Lachman Singh, Rais
of Buriya (Ambala)
- General Guram Singh, Home
Secretary, Patiala
- Tikta Ram Narain Singh of
Anandpur
- Sant Singh, President,
Regency Council, Kalasi
- Sirdar Baghaial Singh,
Talauqdar, Bhungaon Estate, U.P.
- Sirdar Hari Singh, of
Wahali, Jhelum
- The Hon. S. B. S. Partap
Singh, of Lyallpur
- The Hon. S. B. Gajan Singh,
of Ludhiana
- Kirpal Singh, Man,
Gujranwala
- Sirdar Mangal Singh, Man,
Honorary Magistrate, Gujranwala
- Sirdar Narain Singh,
Contractor, Delhi
- Sirdar Mehr Singh, Chowla,
Honorary Magistrate, Lahore
- Sirdar Attar Singh,
Merchant, Karachi
- Bhai Sahib Shib Sham Singh,
Rais Jumba, Ferozepore
- Risaldar Major (Honorary
Captain) Bakhshi Jagat Singh, S.B., of Khantirla, Rawalpindi
- Raja Singh, Pleader,
Peshawar
- Baba Sir Gurbaksh Singh,
Bedi, Kts., Rawalpindi
- Narain Singh, Nalvi
- Sirdar Arur Singh, C.I.E.,
Manager, Durbar Sahib, Amritsar
- Sirdar Boots Singh, C.I.E.,
of Rawalpindi
- Kahn Singh, Mohtamimdal,
Patiala
- Inder Singh, Home
Secretary, Faridkot
- Bhai Fateh Singh, Head
Granthi, Durbar Sahib
- Sirdar Jogindra Singh,
Talauqdar, Airs Estate, U.P.
- Sirdar Sohan Singh, Rais,
Rawalpindi
- Hon. Capt. Sirdar Janmeja
Singh, Bahadur
- Subadar Major Sirdar Gurdit
Singh, Hon. Magistrate
- Harnao Singh, Man, of
Sialkot
- Sirdar Chanchal Singh, of
Bhalwal, Shahpur
- Sirdar Ram Singh, Kabuli,
Contractor, Delhi
- Sewaram Singh, B.A.,
L.L.B., Pleader, Lahore
- Bhai Takht Singh, Manager,
Sikh Anglo Maha Vidyala, Ferozepore
- Balwant Singh, Assistant
Engineer, P.W.D.
- Mrs. S. Balwant Singh
- Bhai Gurubaksh Singh,
Granthi, Sri Durbar Sahib, Amritsar
- Sher Singh, of Mustafabad
- Banta Singh, of Lyallpur
Source: Civil and Military Gazette, Lahore, 15th April 1917. On the occasion of a visit by the Viceroy to Punjab University in Lahore, community leaders from each of the religious communities, Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs, presented an address to the Viceroy to welcome him.
Sargodha Notified Area Committee
Appointed
by election:
- Assistant Commissioner,
Sargodha, President
- Civil Surgeon, Sargodha
- Executive Engineer, P.W.D.,
Sargodha
- District Engineer, Local
Bodies, Sargodha
- District Inspector of
Schools, Sargodha
- District Veterinary Officer,
Sargodha
- District Health Officer,
Sargodha
- District Agricultural
Officer, Sargodha
- District Excise Officer,
Sargodha
- District Supply Officer,
Sargodha
- District Public Relations
Officer, Sargodha
- District Social Welfare
Officer, Sargodha
- District Industries Officer,
Sargodha
- District Cooperative
Officer, Sargodha
- District Information
Officer, Sargodha
- District Employment Officer,
Sargodha
- District Revenue Officer,
Sargodha
- District Forest Officer,
Sargodha
- District Food Controller, Sargodha
- District Civil Defence
Officer, Sargodha
- District Labour Officer,
Sargodha
- District Women Welfare
Officer, Sargodha
- District Zakat Officer,
Sargodha
- District Officer, Population
Welfare, Sargodha
- District Officer,
Environment Protection, Sargodha
- District Officer, Sports,
Sargodha
- District Officer, Culture,
Sargodha
- District Officer, Literacy,
Sargodha
- District Officer, Planning
& Development, Sargodha
- District Officer, Finance
& Budget, Sargodha
- District Officer, Human
Resource Management, Sargodha
- District Officer,
Information Technology, Sargodha
- District Officer, Monitoring
& Evaluation, Sargodha
- District Officer, Coordination, Sargodha
Appointed by nomination:
- Brig Ram Singh
- Mia Saleh Muhammad, Zaildar
- Subaicha Ghulam Muhammad
- Ata Mahdi Khan Goshi Deb, Contractor
- · Lala Ram Saran
- · Lala Bishan Lal, Bar-at-Law
- · Dr. Harbans Singh
- · Shaikh Abdul Ghani, Pleader
Shahpur
Civil Station Notified Area Committee
Appointed
by official designation:
- Sub-Divisional Officer,
Kumbah at Shahpur, President
- Assistant Surgeon, Shahpur
- Tahsildar, Shahpur
Shahpur
City Notified Area Committee
Appointed
by official designation:
- Tahsildar, Shahpur,
President
Appointed
by nomination:
- Lala Bishan Lal
- Lala Ram Saran
- Mia Tikka Khan
Bhalwal
Notified Area Committee
Appointed
by official designation:
- Naib Tahsildar, Bhalwal,
President
Appointed
by nomination:
- Lala Bishan Lal
- Hafiz Ghulam Nabi
- Shaikh Abdul Ghani
- Lala Ram Saran
- Syed Alam Shah
Bhera
Notified Area Committee
Appointed
by official designation:
- Tahsildar, Bhera, President
Appointed
by nomination:
- Chaudhri Fazal Ahmad,
Lambardar, Chak No. 1, N. B.
- Lala Lakshmi Das, Commission
Agent
Sillanwali
Notified Area Committee
Appointed
by official designation:
- Tahsildar, Sillanwali,
President (non-voting)
- Chaudhri Ghulam Muhammad,
son of Mia Saleh Muhammad, Zaildar, 131, N. B.
- Chaudhri Sultan Ahmad of
Sillanwali
- Lala Bishan Lal
- Shaikh Abdul Ghani of
Sillanwali
- Dr. Harbans Singh of Sillanwali
Source: Punjab District Gazetteers, Shahpur District, 1917
Sargodha is now an important centre for the Air force. Sardar Chanchal Singh’s grandson, Amarjit Singh and his nephew Bhupinder Singh were among the pioneers of the development of this airforce in the early 1930s, but sadly met their end in the same aircrash in 1933. The following newspaper article records their demise:
R.A.F. 'PLANE CRASH
Two Sikh Officers KilledFORMATION FLIGHT DISASTERKARACHI, Sept. 4.The Associated Press announces the death of two young Indian R.A.F. officers in an aeroplane crash at Padidan village, north of Hyderabad (Sind), this morning. The names of the dead men are Amarjit Singh and Bhupendar Singh, who were proceeding to Quetta from Karachi by air.A party consisting of three R.A.F. planes and four Pilot Officers—Amarjit Singh, Bhupendar Singh, Aizad Bakhsh Awan, and H. P. Broad—left Karachi early this morning. The formation was flying at a height of 1,000 feet when one of the machines suddenly dived to the ground and crashed. The other two planes landed safely.
The bodies of the two officers were recovered and brought to Karachi by air. The funeral took place this evening with full military honours.
Source: Civil and Military Gazette, Lahore, 5th September 1933
I shall conclude this post on a note, directly written by Mr Richard Barrett.
As a descendant of Sardar Chanchal Singh, it is wonderful to see that the haveli he built, where my grandmother was raised, still standing over a century later. In his work on the Khalsa Diwan, education was a focus for Chanchal Singh, so it is fitting that his former home is now being used as a school for girls. I am grateful to Tariq and others who are recording the Gurmukhi inscriptions in buildings across Punjab, and those who care for and preserve these important historical artefacts. It is our shared history, and being aware of it enriches us all.
I hope the readers, especially those who have any relation with or regard for Sardar Chanchal Singh, will enjoy this post. You are also welcome to share your thoughts in the comments section and contribute any useful information about this remarkable person who is loved and held in high esteem by so many. This is by no means the end of the story; I expect new information and details to emerge, which will be added to this post. Many other interesting facts came to light while working on this piece, and they will be part of other stories. The interest and dedication shown by Richard towards this topic have been both impressive and motivating. This is definitely a joint effort and he is the senior partner in this endevour.
And why was I working on this story? Because it is not about some distant or unknown people, it is about my own people, my own neighbours. I am not speaking figuratively; it is quite possible that Richard’s relatives and mine were neighbours in Nali, crossed paths often, and quite possibly enjoyed good relations with one another.
Tariq Amir
October 3, 2025.
Islamabad
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